作者:城市网 来源:城市网学院 更新日期：2013-3-7
what … V …
结构︰what+（主词）+动词…
说明︰此句型意为“…的东西”。what 是<复合关系代名词>，等於 the thing which。不论“what+<动词>…”或“what+<主词>+<动词>”，都是<名词子句>。“what+<主词>+be”译成“…的样子/情况”。
That's what's polluting the lake. 那就是污染湖水的东西。
What do you guess is in the box? 你猜箱子里有什麽？
This is what he wanted. 这就是他要的东西。
Character is what we are when we are alone with ourselves in the dark.
品德就是自我在暗地里独处时的样子。
John is not what he was. 约翰不是以前那样的约翰了。
Without Mr. Chang, I would not be what I am.如果没有张先生的话，我就不会有现在的样子。
… what + be + called …
结构︰…what+be+called…
说明︰此句型意为“所谓的…”。等於“what+we/you/they+call”。
He gathered earlier writings to prepare what are called the Five Classics.
他蒐集以前的作品，编成了所谓的五经。
He is very interested in what are called popular songs. 他对所谓的流行歌曲很感兴趣。
We should improve what is called the quality of living.我们应该改进所谓的生活品质。
He is what you call a “walking dictionary”。 他就是你所谓的“活字典”。
What we do is + V …
结构︰What+主词+do+is+动词…
说明︰此句型意为“…所要做的就是…”。<主词>之後一定用 do;至於<动词>，可以看成是 to+<动词>的 to 被省略了。
What we can not do is make a cloud produce rain if it is not ready to produce it.
我们所办不到的是要使云产生雨，如果它不是随时要产生雨的话。
What you have to do is say （put） in a good word for me.你所必须做的就是为我美言几句。
What we need to do is prepare something to eat. 我们所需要的就是准备一些吃的。
… what is said above …
结构︰…what is said above…
说明︰此句型意为“上面所说的”。
As we learn from what is said above, the tides can be very useful.
依照上面所说的，我们知道潮汐可以是非常有帮助的。
From what is said above, we can draw a conclusion. 由上面所说的，我们可以做一个结论。
We should pay more attention to what is said above. 我们应该更加注意上面所说的。
What follows is …
结构︰What follows+be 动词…
说明︰此句型意为“以下（跟着来的）是…”。What follows 是<名词子句>。若要表达其他的意思，可以把 follows 换成别的<动词>。
What follows is some excerpts of the famous speech he delivered in Washington D.C.
以下是他在华府所发表的那篇着名的演讲中的一些摘录。
What follows is the truth that men are created equal. 以下是人生而平等的真理。
What follows is the process of his being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
以下是他被颁赠一九六四年诺贝尔和平奖的过程。
… what little + N
结构︰…what little+不可数名词
说明︰此句型意为“所有的一点点…”。等於 all the little。
His mother sent him what little money she had saved.他的母亲把所有仅存的钱都寄给他了。
I'll let you share what little information I have collected.
我会让你分享我所蒐集的仅有的一些资料。
She was robbed of what little money she had. 她仅有的一点儿钱都被抢了。
The little boy use what little strength he had to push the door open.这小男孩使劲地把门推开。
A is to B what C is to D.
结构︰A is to B what C is to D.
说明︰此句型意为“A 之於 B 犹如 C 之於 D”。等於“A is to B as C is to D.”或“What C is to D （that） A is to B”或“As C is to D so is A to B”。这是为了让人明白 A 与 B 的关系，而利用人所熟知的 C 与 D 的关系来比喻的句法。what 是“A is to B”之 be <动词>的<补语>。
Exercise is to the body what thinking is to the brain.
运动和身体的关系，如同思考和头脑的关系。
What lungs are to the animal, leaves are to the plant.
就像肺是动物所不可缺的一样，叶子也是植物所不可或缺的。
As water is to the plant, so are books to me. 书和我的关系正如同水和植物的关系。
what with … and …
结构︰what with … and （what with） …
说明︰此句型意为“一方面因为…一方面因为…”。等於“half through … （half through） …”、“partly because （of） … （partly because （of）） …”。
What with laziness and （what with） illness, he lost his job.
一方面因为懒，一方面因为生病，他丢了工作。
What with the wind and what with the rain, our trip was ruined.
又是刮风又是下雨，我们的旅游都给搞砸了。
What with the high prices, and what with the badness of the times, we find it hard to get along. 部分因为物价高涨，部分因为时机不好，生活真是愈来愈难过了。
… the same + N + as …
结构︰…the same+名词+as…
说明︰此句型意为“与…相同的”。as 做准<关系代名词>（既当<连接词>又做<关系代名词>用），相当於“as the+前面的<名词>+<关系代名词>（who，whom，which）引导的<形容词子句>”。
I want the same camera as you have. 我想要一只和你一样的照相机。
He is the same person as came here yesterday. 他就是昨天来这里的那个人。
He is not the same man as he used to be. 他已不是当年的他了。
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